| Cases |
Controls |
Cohort |
Ancestry |
| 341 |
2,639 |
Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES Reykjavik) Study
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous T2D diagnosis or fasting glucose > 7mmol/l
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 679 |
2,596 |
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7mmol/l
|
|
African American |
| 950 |
9,900 |
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 678 |
2,034 |
Bangladesh Risk of Acute Vascular Events study (BRAVE)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Self-reported diabetes but established by a medical doctor diagnosis and/or medical records
|
- Population based controls
|
|
South Asian |
| 302 |
433 |
Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Incident and prevalent cases of T2DM at year 5 using CHS & CMS data
- CHS criteria-taking diabetes medications or fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/l
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7mmol/l, no diabetes medications
|
|
African American |
| 969 |
2,476 |
Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Incident and prevalent cases of T2DM at year 5 using CHS & CMS data
- CHS criteria-taking diabetes medications or FG ≥ 7 mmol/l
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7mmol/l, no diabetes medications
|
|
European |
| 1,505 |
4,515 |
CIHDS: Copenhagen Ischemic Heart Disease Study; CGPS: Copenhagen General Population Study (CIHDS/CGPS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Diabetes mellitus (ICD8:250,ICD10:E11,E13,E14)
|
- Population based controls
|
|
European |
| 5,802 |
7,896 |
Danish T2D case-control study by University of Copenhagen (DANISH-UCPH)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous diagnosis of T2D or screen-detected T2D
|
- Population based controls with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l and 2-hr glucose < 7.8 mmol/l (if measured)
|
|
European |
| 198 |
2,174 |
Epidemiology for Health (EpiHealth)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Medication and/or fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L
|
- Population based controls with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 104 |
1,018 |
Erasmus Rucphen Family Study (ERF)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Fasting glucose > 7 mmol/L or T2D medication use
|
- Population based controls with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 882 |
1,506 |
Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu (EGCUT)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based controls with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 2,796 |
4,601 |
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (InterAct)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Incident cases of T2D occurring in EPIC cohorts
|
- Centre-stratified random subcohort
|
|
European |
| 900 |
2,296 |
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Potsdam (EPIC-POTSDAM)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Prevalent and incident diagnosis of T2D
|
- Members of a random subcohort without diabetes diagnosis
|
|
European |
| 1,406 |
1,494 |
Exeter Family Study of Childhood Health (EFSOCH) and Diabetes Alliance for Research in England (DARE)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Normoglycaemic on the basis of FG or HbA1c
|
|
European |
| 291 |
3,510 |
Family Heart Study (FamHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Doctor diagnosis of T2D
- Using medication for T2D
- Fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L among family members
|
- No doctor diagnosis of T2D
- Not using medication for T2D
- Fasting glucose < 7 mmol/L among family members
|
|
European |
| 4,529 |
10,546 |
FIN-D2D 2007; The Dose Responses to Exercise Training (DR's EXTRA) Study; National FINRISK 2007 Study; Finland-United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics Study; and Metabolic Syndrome in Men Study (FUSION / Finrisk2007 / METSIM / DR’sEXTRA / D2D2007)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- T2D as classified by WHO 1999 criteria
|
- NGT as classified by WHO 1999 criteria
|
|
European |
| 987 |
7,043 |
Framingham Heart Study (FHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- On T2D medication or fasting glucose > 7 mmol/l or 2 hour glucose > 11.1 or HbA1c > 6.5
- In original cohort, when fasting glucose not avaialble, T2D = casual glucose > 11.1 or T2D med
|
- Not on T2D med and fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l and 2 hour glucose < 11.1 and HbA1c ≤ 6.5
|
|
European |
| 960 |
957 |
Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Complex Traits Involved in Elevated Disease Risk (GLACIER)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based controls
|
|
European |
| 438 |
8,255 |
Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Self-report or fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/l
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 422 |
391 |
Genetic Overlap between Metabolic and Psychiatric Disease; TEENs of Attica: Genes & Environment (GOMAP (cases); TEENAGE (controls))
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous diagnosis of T2D with or without psychiatric disease
|
- Adolescent students from Athens, Greece (prospective cohort study)
|
|
European |
| 838 |
824 |
Guizhou-Bijie Type 2 Diabetes Study (GBTDS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous T2D diagnosis or fasting glucose > 7.0 mmol/L
|
- Fasting glucose < 5.6 mmol/L
|
|
East Asian |
| 281 |
824 |
Health Aging and Body Composition (HABC)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
African American |
| 237 |
1,409 |
Health Aging and Body Composition (HABC)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 184 |
1,749 |
Initiative on Nephropathy, of relevance to public health, which is Chronic, possibly in its Initial stages, and carries a Potential risk of major clinical End-points (INCIPE)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 382 |
1,894 |
Jackson Heart Study (JHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- None (population based with subset of families)
|
|
|
African American |
| 954 |
2,774 |
Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg (KORA)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based controls
|
|
European |
| 1,827 |
12,008 |
Korea Association Resource, Health Examinee Cohort, and Cardio Vascular Disease Association Study (KOGES)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous T2D diagnosis or fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/l or 2hr glucose (only KARE) ≥ 11.1 mmol/l
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l, 2hr glucose (only KARE) < 11.1 mmol/l, and no history of diabetes
|
|
East Asian |
| 203 |
695 |
Leipzig-adults
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
|
|
European |
| 128 |
1,536 |
London Life Sciences Prospective Population Study (LOLIPOP_Exome)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
South Asian |
| 101 |
876 |
London Life Sciences Prospective Population Study (LOLIPOP_OmniEE)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
South Asian |
| 5,404 |
4,633 |
MDC, ANDIS, and SDR (MDC/ANDIS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- ANDiS: Previous diagnosis of T2D, normal C-peptide levels, no Anti-GAD antibody
- MDC: Self-report of a physician diagnosis or use of diabetes medication or fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l
- SDR: Physicians own classification into T2D, based on WHO 1985 or WHO 1999 guidelines
|
- Fasting glucose < 7.0 mmol/l (ANDIS)
- No controls in MDC and SDR
|
|
European |
| 476 |
1,428 |
MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- History of diabetes at baseline
|
- Population based controls
|
|
European |
| 1,159 |
2,652 |
MT. SINAI BioMe Biobank Platform (BioMe)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- T2D defined as fasting glucose ≥ 7mmol/L or on drug treatment or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
|
- Not known to be diagnosed with T2D with normal glycemic index
|
|
African American |
| 367 |
2,029 |
MT. SINAI BioMe Biobank Platform (BioMe)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- T2D defined as fasting glucose ≥ 7mmol/L or on drug treatment or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
|
- Not known to be diagnosed with T2D with normal glycemic index
|
|
European |
| 1,639 |
3,194 |
MT. SINAI BioMe Biobank Platform (BioMe)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- T2D defined as fasting glucose ≥ 7mmol/L or on drug treatment or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
|
- Not known to be diagnosed with T2D with normal glycemic index
|
|
Hispanic |
| 284 |
1,374 |
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
African American |
| 102 |
668 |
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
East Asian |
| 151 |
2,356 |
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
European |
| 256 |
1,184 |
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l
|
|
Hispanic |
| 407 |
1,870 |
Nutrition and Health of Aging Population in China (NHAPC)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous diagnosis of T2D or on glucose-lowering medication or fasting glucose > 7.0 mmol/L
|
- Fasting glucose < 5.6 mmol/L
|
|
East Asian |
| 2,910 |
4,596 |
PPP and DIREVA
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- PPP: Diagnosis of diabetes was based on an OGTT or a history of previously known diabetes applying WHO criteria. In uncertain cases, the diagnosis was confirmed from patient records
- DIREVA: Previous diagnosis of T2D, normal C-peptide levels and no Anti-GAD antibody
|
- PPP: No previously known diabetes. Free from diabetes after an OGTT applying WHO criteria
- DIREVA: no controls
|
|
European |
| 229 |
1,833 |
Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) / Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- PIVUS: Known T2D or fasting whole blood glucose ≥ 6.1mmol/l
- ULSAM: Hospital discharge register-defined diabetes before 2002
|
- No diagnosis of diabetes at the time of study
|
|
European |
| 163 |
489 |
Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk clinical trial (PROSPER)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based controls
|
|
European |
| 236 |
1,520 |
Rotterdam Study (RS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/l and without antihyperglycemic medication
|
|
European |
| 335 |
2,112 |
Singapore Chinese Eye Study (CHES)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
|
|
East Asian |
| 109 |
877 |
SORBS
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Diabetes diagnosis or treatment, fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/l
|
- Not known to be diagnosed with T2D with normal glycemic index
|
|
European |
| 806 |
1,261 |
Taiwan USA Diabetes Retinopathy/Chinese American Eye Study (TUDR/CHES)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- The diagnosis of diabetes was based on standard criteria defined by the American Diabetes Association
|
- Population-based study recruited 4570 non-institutionalized Chinese Americans, aged 50 years and older
|
|
East Asian |
| 622 |
5,471 |
The Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study (NEO)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- Previous diagnosis of T2D, and new diagnosed T2D, and fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
|
- Population based with fasting glucose < 7 mmol/L and no oral medication and insulin
|
|
European |
| 7,154 |
14,669 |
The Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- HbA1c > 6.5%, previously diagnosed T2D, use of insulin or use of oral hypoglycemic medications
|
- Population based controls with HbA1c < 6.5%, had not been diagnosed with T2D, did not use insulin or oral hypoglycemic medications
|
|
South Asian |
| 3,576 |
12,675 |
Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (UK Type 2 Diabetes Consortium); Young Diabetics Study (YDX); Oxford Biobank; TwinsUK; 1958 Birth Cohort (BC58) / Genetics of Diabetes and Audit Research Tayside Study (GoDARTS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
- The T2D cases were selected from UK Caucasian subjects who are part of the Diabetes UK Warren 2 repository. The remainder were recruited as isolated cases but these cases were (compared to population-based cases) of relatively early onset and had a high proportion of T2D parents and/or siblings. T2D was defined as current prescribed treatment with sulphonylureas, biguanides, other oral agents and/or insulin or, in the case of individuals treated with diet alone, historical or contemporary laboratory evidence of hyperglycemia.
- GoDARTS: Cases had T2D diagnosed between the ages of 35-70 years (inclusive). The diagnosis of diabetes was based on either current prescribed treatment with diabetes-specific medication or, in the case of individuals treated with diet alone, laboratory evidence of diabetes as defined by the WHO.
|
- Controls from all sources were selected without reference to T2D status and fasting glucose ≤ 7.0 mmol/l
- GoDARTS: Controls were defined as having no diagnosis of diabetes at the time of recruitment (or subsequently), fasting glucose ≤ 7.0 mmol/l, HbA1c ≤ 6.4% and age < 80 years
|
|
European |
| 1,766 |
20,298 |
Women's Genome Health Study (WGHS)
| Case selection criteria |
Control selection criteria |
|
|
|
|
European |
